Breast Cancer Prevention

Although there is no guaranteed way of preventing breast cancer, early detection can help to prevent the spread of cancer. It is very important to be aware of the look and feel of your breasts, and the way in which they change during your menstural cycle. Regular self-examination of your breasts each month can help you to recognise changes that are not normal to you.

Use the flat of your palm to feel and compare each breast. You could do this while in the shower, or lying down on the bed. Use a mirror to see if your breasts look any different, and ask your partner if they have noticed any changes. Look out for changes in the shape or size of your breast or nipple; changes in the position or colouring of the nipple, including inversion; and any dimpling, denting, scaling or discolouration of the skin.

Feel your breasts for anything that is not normally there. This may be a lump or swelling in your breast that feels different from the rest of the breast tissue, or a lump or swelling in the armpit, arm or around your collarbone. Remember that 90% of lumps are harmless but early diagnosis of breast cancer can make all the difference.

Obesity and a diet high in fat are possible causes of breast cancer, as they increase the amount of the hormone oestrogen in the blood, which has been linked with breast cancer. Moderate to heavy drinking of alcohol is also thought to be a possible cause. A healthy lifestyle is therefore a, good idea and can help to prevent many other diseases too. General guidance is:

• Stop smoking
• Cut down on fat, especially animal fats
• Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables (about 5 portions every day)
• Eat plenty of fibre (eg wholemeal bread and cereals like oats or muesli)
• Drink alcohol in moderation (3-4 units per day or less for men; 2-3 units or less per day for women)
• Take regular exercise (a brisk 30 minute walk, three times per week as a minimum)

If there is a history of breast cancer in your family, you should check regularly for lumps and report any changes to your doctor.